- Category: Environment , Science
- Topic: Environment problems , Nature
In the first week, Karen delves into the study of Political Ecology, providing an introduction to the subject matter. Through reading the works of Robbins, distinctions can be made between political and apolitical ecology. The former refers to broader systems that exert an influence on the ecology, which can be changed with collective effort. The latter, however, sees ecology as entirely separate from politics, where any negative changes in the environment are solely due to population growth.
However, the objective standpoint of apolitical ecology is not completely accurate, as broader political economic forces do play an immense role in shaping ecological systems. For instance, in East Africa, land tenure laws controlled by the Kenyan and Tanzanian state influence land conversion, contributing to habitat loss. Commodity markets, determined by global capitalism, also drive decisions to reduce forest coverage and replace them with more lucrative crops. Furthermore, pressure to enclose wildlife systems comes largely from multilateral institutions and Western environmentalists, which fuels the displacement of native populations from the land. Areas where these broader political issues have less influence tend to experience better ecological outcomes, whereas areas more influenced by politics can suffer from wildlife decline and habitat loss, as seen in Kenya.
Schulz and Moore's readings are closely related, and they support the argument put forth by political ecology, stating that broader systems have shaped the anthropocene era. Schulz highlights how Western hegemony has led to a disregard for nature and a belief that humanity is at the pinnacle of civilization. They prioritize economic growth and linear techno-scientific progress, causing significant damage to the Earth's geological conditions. Schulz goes on to introduce the idea of a fundamental shift in our understanding of the human condition that emphasizes a symbiotic relationship with nature, society, and technology.
Without such a shift, our habitats and ecosystems are in danger of being lost forever. Week one sets the tone for the influence of politics on ecology, contextualizing the causes behind ecological disasters. The readings show the destructive relationship between humans and nature, emphasizing the need for a new approach to how we engage with nature.