Road transportation is a catalyst for economic development, making the production of various materials more efficient, quick, and sometimes easier. This enables business owners to sell their products and services across different locations, allowing for economic development. Despite these gains, road transportation can create a potential challenge in terms of raw materials acquisition. However, it also enables people to move around and create opportunities to sell their ability to work in different places. Furthermore, it facilitates international trades, allowing regions to specialize in the production of goods and services where they excel.

QUESTION 2

Passengers tend to consider several factors when using public transportation. Walking distance is a preference for some passengers to access public transport. The availability of a specific form of passenger transport is also a factor. Affordability and security of the transport area are other aspects that influence passengers' choice of transport.

QUESTION 3

Routing and scheduling is a critical aspect of ferrying passengers that requires planning. The routine determines the number of vehicles required, reducing vehicles and offering suitable customer service. Customers can conveniently plan when to catch the bus service through a rooster and know where they are supposed to board. Allocation of buses requires criteria that meets clients' various demands, such as cleanliness and scheduled operating bus service. The dispatching of vehicles also requires skillful drivers that follow instructions on specific destinations. Regular inspection helps identify and monitor anything unusual, update on traffic, and notify of any service days required. Keeping and maintaining good passenger relations is critical, requiring effective communication and a positive humanitarian relationship with the driver. Lastly, controlling revenue prevents corruption within the company's employees and passengers, safeguarding the transportation business.

QUESTION 4

An organizational structure is a formal system that separates and integrates tasks within an organization. Standardization illustrates the range of different assigned tasks' subdivisions that have specific responsibilities assigned to them for correlating with other sections. Different managers have different levels of management whose reporting line converge under one main individual. In addition, lines of authority emphasize the different positions of authority in which operational managers have their region, and at the end of the day, they report to their managing director.

QUESTION 5

To solve a problem comprehensively, identify and address the whole issue or problem instead of addressing issues in sections. Gathering information is a vital step towards solving the problem, allowing one to make informed decisions and clarified goals.

Step 4 - Selection: Opt for the optimal choice after consulting with colleagues to expand ideas and prioritize development, fostering stronger team bonds.

Step 5 - Implementation: Analyze the pros and cons of each solution with consideration for budgetary constraints before proceeding with a decision.

Step 6 - Utilization: Apply the results from earlier choices and self-reflection to influence future decisions.

Question 6

Preparing a Company for Employee Accommodation: The responsibility of establishing plans for future business operations falls to HR.

Employment of Personnel: HR also contributes to the appropriate selection of suitable candidates, collaborating with managers to ensure that the right applicants are hired for the job vacancies listed.

Training & Development of Personnel: HR provides training opportunities to new hires, including orientation weeks and job-shadowing sessions, to enhance their skills, knowledge and confidence.

Facilitating Personnel Performance Management: HR management also oversees activities on good leadership to strengthen human skills such as communication and promotions. The goal is to foster positivity within the organization and to motivate and boost employee confidence.

Managing Personnel Affairs: Maintaining discipline throughout the organization is crucial, and warnings and suspensions serve to create a more disciplined environment. Ensuring punctuality is taken seriously is an example of such measures.

Remuneration of Personnel: Determining payouts, whether it be wages or salaries, should be based on job evaluations. Departments must update job descriptions as positions change with time.

Personnel Administration: Consideration should be given to the health and safety of employees, which should include coverage for any health problems that may arise. Pension funds and insurance benefits should also be provided to support employees during retirement.

Managing Labor Relations: Labor relations provide a competitive advantage to the organization by managing and resolving union or labor-related conflicts.

Question 7

Planning, organizing, staffing, and leading are the fundamental pillars of effective management.