William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, showcases the use of supernatural powers on a grand scale. We are exposed to a world of the supernatural, which was widely believed to exist during Shakespeare’s time. In Macbeth, the theme of the supernatural plays a prominent role in creating a feeling of foreboding and foretelling events that are about to unfold. Witches’ prophecies and their role as supernatural beings, ghosts that appear to haunt Macbeth, and the use of animal imagery like an owl and a falcon all contribute to the play's atmosphere of darkness and evil. The inclusion of supernatural elements enhances the plot's depth and complexity, and has been a reason for Macbeth's enduring popularity.

The witches, also known as the three weird sisters, are crucial to the supernatural theme of Macbeth. They have been shrouded in mystery ever since their appearance on stage, instantly marking them as beings out of this world. The witches prophecize the rise of Macbeth to power and later, his downfall. They are able to manipulate him in fulfilling their twisted desires through prophecies and dark games, with their supernatural abilities apparent in every illusion. They provide Macbeth with half-truths, double meanings and vague statements. For instance, when Macbeth approaches them for the second time, they show him a vision of a line of kings, with Banquo’s ghost at the end. They tell Macbeth that "none of woman born shall harm Macbeth" and "Macbeth shall never vanquished be until / Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill / Shall come against him." These predictions play into his hubris, leading to his ultimate downfall.

Moreover, the witches’ spells and incantations are symbols of their connection with the supernatural. The chanting, the use of potions, and the invoking of spirits all serve to heighten the illusion of their powers. They engage in dark and ritualistic practices in the wild and desolate landscape of the Scottish heath, further emphasizing their otherworldly nature. The witches also embody the supernatural by their appearance – they are often depicted as having gnarled fingers, crooked noses, and cackling laughs. Their influence on the plot and characters highlights the power and intrigue associated with the supernatural, creating a sense of fear, unease, and wonder.

In Macbeth, the presence of ghosts plays a significant role in the tragedy of the protagonist. The ghosts remind Macbeth of his guilt and its consequences. Ghosts appear to Macbeth in various forms and at different times, each with a unique meaning. The first ghost appears to Macbeth in Act 1, Scene 7, during his soliloquy before he decides to murder King Duncan. Macbeth faces the ghost of the King, and his conscience is at stake in attempting to reconcile ambition with loyalty. The presence of a ghost is an omen for what lies ahead, alerting Macbeth to the darker events that will follow. The ghost of Banquo is found at Macbeth's banquet table in Act 3, Scene 4. Macbeth and his guests are disturbed by the apparition, not least because Lady Macbeth is trying to convince them that it's a figment of Macbeth’s madness.

In conclusion, Macbeth's use of supernatural elements enhances the play's depth and complexity while creating a unique atmosphere of darkness and intrigue. The witches' prophecies, ghosts that haunt Macbeth, and the use of animal imagery all contribute to the play's supernatural theme. Shakespeare's portrayal of the supernatural in Macbeth serves to illustrate the power of the paranormal and its undeniable influence on human nature.

Shakespeare's Macbeth employs animalistic imagery to heighten the supernatural aspects of the play. The purpose is to accentuate the eerie and unnatural essence of the story's characters. The witches, who are the primary supernatural elements, are depicted as wild beasts on the heath in the opening scene. This usage of animalistic metaphors and similes emphasizes the evil within the characters.

Macbeth is likened to a raven, symbolizing death and evil. The witches also use the word "foul" to relate to Macbeth, evoking the image of uncleanliness. Lady Macbeth is portrayed as a serpent, connoting deceit and temptation. Her manipulative acts that lead her husband towards evil are continuously highlighted. She even speaks of "unsexing" herself, indicating her willingness to become less human to carry out her wicked plans.

Throughout Macbeth, supernatural themes are prevalent and influence the decision-making and actions of the characters. These supernatural elements create a foreboding atmosphere, revealing the darkness and evil that dwell within the characters. From prophecies to the appearance of Banquo's ghost, the plot is shrouded in mystique.

Ghosts play an integral role in Macbeth, representing the corruptive influence of power and ambition and the tragic repercussions of uncontrolled desires. The significance of ghosts lies in their warning to the audience to avoid succumbing to desires and instead remain true to their morals.

References:

- Shakespeare, William. Macbeth, ed. Bernard Lott M. A. London: Longman Group Ltd, 1965000.

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